There are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Mark your answer as per the options given below.

Assertion: A sample refers to a group or section of the population from which information is to be obtained.
Reasoning: A sample is a group to which the results of the study are intended to apply. 

Assertion (A) is true but Reasoning (R) is not correct.

The correct answer is option 3: Assertion (A) is true but Reasoning (R) is not correct.

Assertion: A sample refers to a group or section of the population from which information is to be obtained. This is correct.
Reasoning: A sample is a group to which the results of the study are intended to apply. This is incorrect. The Population or the Universe is a group to which the results of the study are intended to apply. 

Population or the Universe in statistics means totality of the items under study. Thus, the Population or the Universe is a group to which the results of the study are intended to apply. A population is always all the individuals/items who possess certain characteristics (or a set of characteristics), according to the purpose of the survey. The first task in selecting a sample is to identify the population. Once the population is identified, the researcher selects a method of studying it. If the researcher finds that survey of the whole population is not possible, then he/ she may decide to select a Representative Sample. A sample refers to a group or section of the population from which information is to be obtained. A good sample (representative sample) is generally smaller than the population and is capable of providing reasonably accurate information about the population at a much lower cost and shorter time.