The correct answer is Option (2) → Nucleophilic addition reaction
- The carbonyl group (C=O) in aldehydes and ketones is polar, with carbon being electrophilic. Therefore, they typically react with nucleophiles via addition across the double bond, not substitution.
- Option-wise Explanation
- 1. Nucleophilic substitution reaction This type of reaction is common in alkyl halides where a leaving group is replaced. Carbonyl compounds lack a good leaving group attached to the carbonyl carbon, so substitution is not typical.
- 2. Nucleophilic addition reaction Nucleophiles attack the electrophilic carbon of the carbonyl group, breaking the π bond and forming an addition product. This is the characteristic reaction of aldehydes and ketones.
- 3. Free radical reaction Free radical mechanisms usually involve alkanes or halogenation under UV light. Carbonyl compounds generally do not undergo radical reactions under normal conditions.
- 4. Elimination reaction Elimination involves removal of small molecules (like HX or H₂O) to form double bonds. Aldehydes and ketones already have a double bond and do not typically undergo elimination as their main reaction.
|
