Read the passage and answer the questions :

"In introducing permanent Settlement, the British officials hoped that with the revenue demand of the state being permanently fixed would lead to regular flow of revenue and earn profit. This would lead to the emergence of a class of yeomen farmers and rice landowners who would be nurtured by the British and will be loyal to the East India Company. If the revenue failed, the estates were to be auctioned."

Identify the other names used for 'Jotedars' in various parts of Bengal.

A. Adhiyars
B. Haoladars
C. Mandals
D. Gantidars
E. Taluqdars

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

B, C, D only

The correct answer is Option (2) → B, C, D only

A. Adhiyars
B. Haoladars
C. Mandals
D. Gantidars
E. Taluqdars

Rich peasants in Bengal were referred to as Jotedars. They controlled local trade as well as moneylending, exercising immense power over the poorer cultivators of the region. Unlike zamindars who often lived in urban areas, jotedars were located in the villages and exercised direct control over a considerable section of poor villagers. They fiercely resisted efforts by zamindars to increase the jama of the village, prevented zamindari officials from executing their duties, mobilized ryots who were dependent on them, and deliberately delayed payments of revenue to the zamindar. In some places they were called haoladars, elsewhere they were known as gantidars or mandals.