Which of the following are NOT correct explanations?
A. Infant mortality rate is the number of deaths of babies before the age of one year per 1000 live births.
B. Fertility rate is the biological capacity to give births per 1000 women
C. Sex ratio is the number of females for 1000 males in a given time and space
D. Maternal mortality rate is the number of women who die per 1000 men
E. Life expectancy refers to the estimated number of years that an average person is expected to survive
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → B and D only
A. Infant mortality rate is the number of deaths of babies before the age of one year per 1000 live births. A correct explanation (Incorrect). This is the right definition: the infant mortality rate counts the deaths of babies before the age of one year per 1000 live births.
B. Fertility rate is the biological capacity to give births per 1000 women Not a correct explanation (Correct). The fertility rate does not measure capacity; it counts what actually happens. It refers to the number of live births per 1000 women in the child-bearing age group, usually taken to be 15 to 49 years. A woman’s biological ability to bear children is a different idea from the births that take place.
C. Sex ratio is the number of females for 1000 males in a given time and space A correct explanation (Incorrect). The sex ratio refers to the number of females per 1000 males in a given area at a specified time period, which is what the statement says.
D. Maternal mortality rate is the number of women who die per 1000 men Not a correct explanation (Correct). The maternal mortality rate has nothing to do with men. It is the number of women who die in childbirth per 1,00,000 live births.
E. Life expectancy refers to the estimated number of years that an average person is expected to survive A correct explanation (Incorrect). This is the right definition of life expectancy; it is calculated from age-specific death rates in a given area over a period of time.
NCERT (2025-26): “2.1 Some Theories and Concepts in Demography … The fertility rate refers to the number of live births per 1000 women in the child-bearing age group, usually taken to be 15 to 49 years.…” “2.1 Some Theories and Concepts in Demography … The infant mortality rate is the number of deaths of babies before the age of one year per 1000 live births. Likewise, the maternal mortality rate is the number of women who die in childbirth per 1,00,000 live births. High rates of infant and maternal mortality are an unambiguous indicator of backwardness and poverty; development is accompanied by sharp falls in these rates as medical facilities and levels of education, awareness and prosperity increase. One concept which is somewhat complicated is that of life expectancy. This refers to the estimated number of years that an average person is expected to survive. It is calculated on the basis of data on age-specific death rates in a given area over a period of time. The sex ratio refers to the number of females per 1000 males in a given area at a specified time period.…” |