Read the passage and answer the following questions.

GreenTech Solutions, a renewable energy company, focuses on achieving financial stability and growth through robust financial management. The company ensures efficient allocation of business finance to expand operations, adopt new technology, and maintain a competitive edge. Its financial planning is centered on long-term sustainability, balancing profitability with eco- friendly initiatives.

To optimize its capital structure, GreenTech maintains a balanced mix of debt and equity, minimizing the cost of capital while ensuring financial flexibility. The firm undertakes thorough capital budgeting processes to evaluate projects like setting up new solar farms, ensuring only viable investments are pursued. Tools like Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) guide decision-making.

GreenTech's dividend decision aligns with its growth strategy. While retaining a significant portion of earnings for reinvestment, the company ensures consistent dividends to satisfy shareholders. This approach strengthens investor confidence while funding expansion plans.

Efficient working capital management ensures smooth day-to-day operations. By optimizing cash flow, managing inventory, and negotiating favorable credit terms with suppliers, GreenTech avoids liquidity issues while meeting short-term obligations.

Through prudent financial strategies, GreenTech achieves its goal of profitability and sustainability, setting an example in the renewable energy sector.

Which process evaluates the viability of long-term investment projects?

Capital Budgeting

The correct answer is option 1- Capital Budgeting.

Capital Budgeting evaluates the viability of long-term investment projects.

Capital Budgeting is the process used to Evaluate the viability of long-term investment projects, such as setting up new solar farms (as mentioned in the passage). Use tools like Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) to assess project profitability and risk.

A long-term investment decision is also called a Capital Budgeting decision. It involves committing the finance on a long term basis. For example, making investment in a new machine to replace an existing one or acquiring a new fixed asset or opening a new branch, etc. These decisions are very crucial for any business since they affect its earning capacity in the long run. The size of assets, profitability and competitiveness are all affected by capital budgeting decisions. Moreover, these decisions normally involve huge amounts of investment and are irreversible except at a huge cost. Therefore, once made, it is often almost impossible for a business to wriggle out of such decisions. Therefore, they need to be taken with utmost care. These decisions must be taken by those who understand them comprehensively. A bad capital budgeting decision normally has the capacity to severely damage the financial fortune of a business.