Match List - I with List - II.
| List – I | List – II |
|---|---|
| (A) A community that is in near equilibrium with the environment | (I) Ecological succession |
| (B) The entire sequence of communities that successively change in a given area | (II) Xerarch succession |
| (C) A gradual and fairly predictable change in species composition of an area | (III) Climax community |
| (D) Succession of plants in dry areas | (IV) Sere(s) |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(II)
(A) A community that is in near equilibrium with the environment — this matches (III) Climax community.
(B) The entire sequence of communities that successively change in a given area — this matches (IV) Sere(s).
(C) A gradual and fairly predictable change in species composition of an area — this matches (I) Ecological succession.
(D) Succession of plants in dry areas — this matches (II) Xerarch succession.
Note: This question is from the topic “Succession of Plants” in Chapter 14, Ecosystem, of the pre-rationalised NCERT book. This portion is not in the present NCERT book, where the chapter is now Chapter 12, Ecosystem. The extract below is from the pre-rationalised edition.
NCERT Extract (Pre-rationalised edition, Chapter 14, Ecosystem):
Succession of Plants – “… These changes lead finally to a community that is in near equilibrium with the environment and that is called a climax community. The gradual and fairly predictable change in the species composition of a given area is called ecological succession.”
Succession of Plants – “… The entire sequence of communities that successively change in a given area are called sere(s).”
Succession of Plants – “… As against this, xerarch succession takes place in dry areas and the series progress from xeric to mesic conditions.”