Which of the following is not correct  ?

The broadly utilitarian arguments for conserving biodiversity are obvious; humans derive countless indirect economic benefits from naturefood, firewood, fibre, construction material, industrial products and products of medicinal importance.

The correct answer is option (1) - The broadly utilitarian arguments for conserving biodiversity are obvious; humans derive countless indirect economic benefits from naturefood , firewood, fibre, construction material, industrial products and products of medicinal importance.

The narrowly utilitarian arguments for conserving biodiversity are obvious; humans derive countless direct economic benefits from naturefood (cereals, pulses, fruits), firewood, fibre, construction material, industrial products (tannins, lubricants, dyes, resins, perfumes ) and products of medicinal importance.

The introduction of African catfish into Indian rivers is an example of an alien species invasion. The African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) was introduced for aquaculture purposes, but it poses a threat to indigenous catfish species in Indian rivers, potentially leading to biodiversity losses.

With increasing resources put into ‘bioprospecting’ (exploring molecular, genetic and species-level diversity for products of economic importance), nations endowed with rich biodiversity can expect to reap enormous benefits.

Co-extinctions: When a species becomes extinct, the plant and animal species associated with it in an obligatory way also become extinct. When a host fish species becomes extinct, its unique assemblage of parasites also meets the same fate. Another example is the case of a coevolved plant-pollinator mutualism where extinction of one invariably leads to the extinction of the other.