Read the following passage and answer the question :

After the establishment of People's Republic of China, all critical sectors of the economy were brought under Government control. The campaign initiated in 1958 aimed at industrialising the country on a massive scale by allowing people to set up industries in their back yards. In rural areas, people collectively cultivated lands. In 1965, Mao introduces a system under which students and professionals were sent to work and learn from the country side. Compared to its neighbours like India and Pakistan, China has low population growth but there will be more elderly people in proportion to young people after a few decades.

Identify the campaign initiated in 1958 that aimed at industrialisation of China on a massive scale.

The Great Leap Forward Campaign

The correct answer is option (3) : The Great Leap Forward Campaign

1 After the establishment of People’s Republic of China under oneparty rule, all critical sectors of the economy, enterprises and lands owned and operated by individuals were brought under government control. The Great Leap Forward (GLF) campaign initiated in 1958 aimed at industrialising the country on a massive scale. People were encouraged to set up industries in their backyards. In rural areas, communes were started. Under the Commune system, people collectively cultivated lands. In 1958, there were 26,000 communes covering almost all the farm population

3 However, this campaign led to significant disruptions and economic hardships, resulting in widespread famine and a decline in agricultural production.