Which of the following is NOT a Trait theory of personality?

Both 1 and 2

The correct answer is Option 4: Both 1 and 2

Trait Theories: These focus on specific, stable characteristics (traits) that everyone possesses to varying degrees. 

Type Theories: These classify people into distinct, separate categories or "types." You are either one or the other.

Option 1: Type-A and Type-B personalities: As the name suggests, this is a Type theory developed by Friedman and Rosenman. It categorizes people based on their stress response and competitiveness (Type A) or their relaxed, easy-going nature (Type B).

Option 2: Melancholic personality: This belongs to the ancient Humoral Theory (Hippocrates and Galen), which is the oldest form of Type theory. It classifies people into four types: Sanguine, Phlegmatic, Choleric, and Melancholic.

Option 3: Eysenck’s Theory: This is a famous Trait theory. Hans Eysenck proposed that personality could be reduced to dimensions like Extraversion/Introversion and Neuroticism/Stability.

Since both Option 1 and Option 2 are Type theories (not Trait theories), they are both correct answers to this question "Which is NOT a trait theory.