Read the passage and answer the following question :
"Krishnadeva Raya's rule was characterised by expansion and consolidation. Lands between Tungabhadra and Krishna river were acquired. The Kingdom remained in a constant state of military preparedness, it also developed peace and prosperity. Krishnadeva Raya is credited of building temples and township in Viajayanagra."
Identify the statements which are 'true' for Vijayanagara Empire.
(A) The rulers of Vijayanagara Empire called themselves 'Nayaks'.
(B) In 1565, Krishnadeva Raya led battle at Talikota.
(C) The rulers of Orissa were subdued by Krishnadeva Raya.
(D) The 'amara-nayakas' system was a major innovation of Vijayanagara Empire.
(E) Vijayanagara was the name of both city and an Empire.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → (C), (D), (E) only
(A) The rulers of Vijayanagara Empire called themselves 'Nayaks'. Incorrect. The rulers of Vijayanagara called themselves rayas. The nayakas were military chiefs who usually spoke Telugu or Kannada and who often rebelled against the kings.
(B) In 1565, Krishnadeva Raya led battle at Talikota. Incorrect. Krishnadeva Raya died in 1529. In 1565 it was Rama Raya, the chief minister of Vijayanagara, who led the army into battle at Rakshasi-Tangadi (also known as Talikota), where his forces were routed by the combined armies of Bijapur, Ahmadnagar and Golconda.
(C) The rulers of Orissa were subdued by Krishnadeva Raya. Correct. Krishnadeva Raya’s rule was a time of expansion and consolidation: the Raichur doab was acquired (1512), the rulers of Orissa were subdued (1514) and the Sultan of Bijapur was defeated (1520).
(D) The 'amara-nayakas' system was a major innovation of Vijayanagara Empire. Correct. The amara-nayaka system was a major political innovation of the Vijayanagara Empire. The amara-nayakas were military commanders who were given territories to govern by the raya.
(E) Vijayanagara was the name of both city and an Empire. Correct. Vijayanagara, or “city of victory”, was the name of both a city and an empire. The empire was founded in the fourteenth century.
NCERT (2026-27): “Vijayanagara or ‘city of victory’ was the name of both a city and an empire. The empire was founded in the fourteenth century. In its heyday it stretched from the river Krishna in the north to the extreme south of the peninsula.… 2. Rayas, Nayakas and Sultans … Some of the areas that were incorporated within the empire had witnessed the development of powerful states such as those of the Cholas in Tamil Nadu and the Hoysalas in Karnataka. Ruling elites in these areas had extended patronage to elaborate temples such as the Brihadishvara temple at Thanjavur and the Chennakeshava temple at Belur. The rulers of Vijayanagara, who called themselves rayas, built on these traditions and carried them, as we will see, literally to new heights.… 2.2 The apogee and decline of the empire … Krishnadeva Raya’s rule was characterised by expansion and consolidation. This was the time when the land between the Tungabhadra and Krishna rivers (the Raichur doab) was acquired (1512), the rulers of Orissa were subdued (1514) and severe defeats were inflicted on the Sultan of Bijapur (1520).… 2.2 The apogee and decline of the empire … Eventually this led to an alliance of the Sultanates against Vijayanagara. In 1565 Rama Raya, the chief minister of Vijayanagara, led the army into battle at Rakshasi-Tangadi (also known as Talikota), where his forces were routed by the combined armies of Bijapur, Ahmadnagar and Golconda.… 2.3 The rayas and the nayakas … The amara-nayaka system was a major political innovation of the Vijayanagara Empire. It is likely that many features of this system were derived from the iqta system of the Delhi Sultanate.…” |