Ground water gets polluted by sewage causes which of the following disease(s)?

All of these

The correct answer is option 4. All of these.

Contamination of groundwater by sewage can introduce pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria and viruses, into the water supply. When individuals consume water contaminated with sewage, they are at risk of contracting waterborne diseases. Here's how each of the mentioned diseases is associated with contaminated water:

1. Cholera:  Cholera is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. The primary mode of transmission is through the consumption of water or food contaminated with fecal matter containing the bacterium. Cholera can lead to severe diarrhea and dehydration, and it can be fatal if not treated promptly.

2. Typhoid:  Typhoid fever is caused by the bacterium Salmonella Typhi. Contaminated water and food are common sources of transmission. In areas with inadequate sanitation and water treatment, sewage contamination of groundwater can contribute to the spread of typhoid fever.

3. Jaundice (Hepatitis A): Hepatitis A is a viral infection affecting the liver and is caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV). Contaminated water and food, particularly those contaminated with fecal matter, can be sources of HAV transmission. Hepatitis A can lead to symptoms such as jaundice, fatigue, and abdominal pain.

Preventing groundwater pollution through proper sewage treatment, improved sanitation, and the protection of water sources is crucial for reducing the risk of these waterborne diseases. Safe water supply and sanitation practices are essential for public health and the prevention of waterborne illnesses.