Non-traditional conceptions of security vary according to local contexts. An example is-

Tutsi tribe in Rwanda faced a threat to its existence as they were killed by Hutu tribe

The correct answer is Option (2) → Tutsi tribe in Rwanda faced a threat to its existence as they were killed by Hutu tribe

Explanation:

• Non-traditional security focuses on threats beyond military ones — such as ethnic violence, terrorism, human rights violations, migration, climate change, and health epidemics.

• The Rwanda genocide (1994), where the Tutsi tribe faced extermination by the Hutu majority, is a clear example of an ethnic and human security threat — a non-traditional conception of security.

The other options relate more to traditional, state-centric or arms-control security issues, not local non-traditional contexts.

"To qualify as a security problem, therefore, an issue must share a minimum common criterion, say, of threatening the very existence of the referent (a state or group of people) though the precise nature of this threat may be different. For example, the Maldives may feel threatened by global warming because a big part of its territory may be submerged with the rising sea level, whereas for countries in Southern Africa, HIV-AIDS poses a serious threat as one in six adults has the disease (one in three for Botswana, the worst case). In 1994, the Tutsi tribe in Rwanda faced a threat to its existence as nearly five lakh of its people were killed by the rival Hutu tribe in a matter of weeks. This shows that non-traditional conceptions of security, like traditional conceptions of security, vary according to local contexts."