The Buddhists presented an alternative perspective on social inequalities and mechanisms to manage social conflict, as depicted in a myth found in the Sutta Pitaka. According to this narrative, in the beginning, humans and plants did not have fully developed forms, and all beings lived harmoniously, only taking from nature what they needed for their meals.
However, over time, there was a gradual decline in this idyllic state as humans became increasingly greedy, vindictive, and deceitful. In response to this deteriorating situation, they pondered the idea of appointing a certain being to act as a mediator and enforcer of righteous actions. This chosen individual, known as "mahasammata," would express wrath when justified, criticize what deserved censure, and banish those who deserved punishment. In return for these services, the people would offer a portion of their rice.
What significant implication does the myth suggest regarding the institution of kingship?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
This myth suggests that the institution of kingship was a result of human choice, and taxes served as a payment for the services rendered by the king. Moreover, it highlights the acknowledgment of human agency in creating and institutionalizing economic and social relationships. Importantly, the narrative implies that since humans were responsible for creating the system, they also possessed the power to modify it in the future.