What is the major product formed when diazonium salt undergoes Gatterman reaction?

Haloarene

The correct answer is Option (1) → Haloarene

The major product formed when a diazonium salt undergoes the Gattermann reaction is a haloarene

Diazonium salt refers to an aromatic compound where the -NH₂ group has been converted into a diazonium group (-N₂⁺). These salts are highly reactive intermediates.

In the Gattermann reaction, a diazonium salt reacts with hydrogen halide (HCl or HBr) in the presence of copper powder or copper(I) chloride (CuCl) as a catalyst. The reaction involves the replacement of the diazonium group (-N₂⁺) with a halogen atom (Cl or Br).

The general reaction can be represented as:

\(ArN_2^+ X^- + Cu/HX \longrightarrow ArX + N_2\)

\( ArN_2^+ \) is the diazonium salt.

\( ArX \) is the haloarene (the major product), where the halogen (X = Cl or Br) replaces the diazonium group.

\( N_2 \) (nitrogen gas) is released as a by-product.

Example: If benzenediazonium chloride (C₆H₅N₂⁺Cl⁻) undergoes the Gattermann reaction, the major product will be chlorobenzene (C₆H₅Cl), with nitrogen gas evolving as a by-product.

Summary:

The major product of the Gattermann reaction is a haloarene (e.g., chlorobenzene or bromobenzene), making haloarene the correct answer.