Identify the blank spaces A,B,C and D and select the correct option:-

A- Lactobacillus

B- Trichoderma polysporum

C- Acetic Acid

D-Penicillin

The correct answer is Option (1)-

A- Lactobacillus

B- Trichoderma polysporum

C- Acetic Acid

D-Penicillin

 The production of curd from milk is a common example of the beneficial role of LAB (Lactic Acid Bacteria). When milk is exposed to LAB, such as Lactobacillus and other lactic acid bacteria, they grow and metabolize the milk components. During their growth, these bacteria produce lactic acid, which leads to the coagulation and partial digestion of the milk proteins.

Cyclosporin A is a bioactive molecule that is widely used as an immunosuppressive agent in organ transplant patients. It plays a crucial role in preventing organ rejection by suppressing the immune system's response to the transplanted organ. This important medication is derived from the fungus Trichoderma polysporum.

Microbes are also used for commercial and industrial production of certain chemicals like organic acids, alcohols and enzymes. Examples of acid producers are Aspergillus niger (a fungus) of citric acid, Acetobacter aceti (a bacterium) of acetic acid.

Antibiotics are chemical substances, which are produced by some microbes and can kill or retard the growth of other (disease-causing) microbes. Penicillin was the first antibiotic to be discovered. Penicillin is produced by the fungus Penicillium notatum.