The process of producing goods as per predetermined specifications is known as:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → Standardisation
Option (1) Labelling — Incorrect. Labelling means putting a label on the package. The label gives information about the product, such as its name, contents and price. It is not about how the goods are produced.
Option (2) Grading — Incorrect. Grading means sorting products into groups after they are made, on the basis of quality, size and so on. It does not fix the specifications before production.
Option (3) Standardisation — Correct. Standardisation means producing goods of predetermined specifications. The size, quality and design are fixed in advance. This gives uniformity, that is, every unit is the same.
Option (4) Inspection — Incorrect. Inspection means checking goods to find defects. It checks the goods; it is not the process of producing them.
NCERT (2026-27 Edition): “Standardisation and Grading: Standardisation refers to producing goods of predetermined specifications, which helps in achieving uniformity and consistency in the output. Standardisation ensures the buyers that goods conform to the predetermined standards of quality, price and packaging and reduces the need for inspection, testing and evaluation of the products.” “Grading is the process of classification of products into different groups, on the basis of some of its important characteristics such as quality, size, etc. …” |