Psychologists have found that there would be consistency between attitudes and behaviour when ........?
a) The attitude is strong, and occupies a central place in the attitude system,
b) The person is aware of her/his attitude,
c) The intelligent people may change their attitudes less easily than those with lower intelligence,
d) There is very little or no external pressure for the person to behave in a particular way.
e) The person’s behaviour is not being watched or evaluated by others,
f) The person thinks that the behaviour would have a positive consequence, and therefore, intends to engage in that behaviour.

a, b, d, e, f

The correct answer is Option 3: a, b, d, e, f

The question is asking which statements are TRUE for the consistency between attitudes and behaviour — that is, under what conditions a person’s behaviour aligns with their attitudes.

a) The attitude is strong, and occupies a central place in the attitude system: This is TRUE. Stronger attitudes, especially those central to one's self-concept or values, are more likely to predict consistent behavior. They are more resistant to change and have a greater impact on how people act.

b) The person is aware of her/his attitude: This is TRUE. For an attitude to guide behavior, the individual generally needs to be aware of holding that attitude. Implicit attitudes can sometimes influence behavior without full conscious awareness, but explicit, conscious attitudes show stronger consistency.

c) The intelligent people may change their attitudes less easily than those with lower intelligence: This statement is FALSE. This has nothing to to do with for ensuring consistency between attitudes and behaviour.

d) There is very little or no external pressure for the person to behave in a particular way: This is TRUE. External pressures (like social norms, peer pressure, or situational demands) can often lead individuals to behave inconsistently with their private attitudes. When such pressures are minimal, behavior is more likely to align with attitudes.

e) The person’s behaviour is not being watched or evaluated by others: This is TRUE. When people feel their behavior is being observed or evaluated, they may engage in impression management or conform to perceived social norms, even if it contradicts their true attitudes. This is related to the concept of social desirability bias. When there's no such scrutiny, behavior is more likely to reflect genuine attitudes.

f) The person thinks that the behaviour would have a positive consequence, and therefore, intends to engage in that behaviour: This is TRUE. This aligns strongly with the Theory of Planned Behavior, which states that behavioral intentions (which are direct predictors of behavior) are influenced by one's attitude toward the behavior (believing it will lead to positive outcomes), subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. If a person believes a behavior will have positive consequences, they are more likely to form an intention to perform it, leading to higher consistency.