Read the passage and answer the following questions:

The USSR came into being after the socialist revolution in Russia in 1917.  The revolution inspired the ideals of socialism as opposed to capitalism, and the need for an egalitarian society. This was perhaps the biggest attempt in human history to abolish the institution of private property and consciously design a society based on principles of equality. The Soviet political system centre around the communist party and no other political party or opposition was allowed. The Soviet system, however, became very bureaucratic and authoritarian, making life very difficult for its citizens. The lack of democracy and the absence of freedom of speech stifled people who often expressed their dissent in jokes and cartoons. Most of the institutions of the Soviet state needed reform: the one-party system represented by the communist party of the Soviet Union had tight control over all institutions and was unaccountable to the people. The party refused to recognize the urge of people in the fifteen different republics that formed the Soviet Union to manage their own affairs including their cultural affairs. Although, on Paper, Russia was only one of the fifteen republics that together constituted the USSR.

What was the WARSAW pact?

A military alliance.

The correct answer is Option 1 - A military alliance

WARSAW pact was a military alliance of East European countries. The purpose of the WARSAW pact was the counter NATO.

More about the Warsaw pact:

In response to the formation of NATO, the Eastern Bloc, led by the Soviet Union, formed its own military alliance known as the Warsaw Pact in 1955, which included countries from Central and Eastern Europe. It was led by the Soviet Union. Its principal function was to counter NATO’s forces in Europe. The Warsaw Pact, a military alliance among Eastern Bloc communist countries, formally became inactive on July 1, 1991. The dissolution of the Warsaw Pact occurred as a result of the political changes and the end of the Cold War in Europe, which led to the disintegration of the Eastern Bloc and the eventual collapse of the Soviet Union.