Select the observations drawn from the human genome project which are…

The correct answer is Option (4) → (A), (B), (C), (D) and (E)

(A) The human genome contains 3164.7 million bp. True. This is the total size of the human genome found by the project.

(B) The average gene consists of 3000 bases. True. Gene sizes vary greatly around this average.

(C) Total number of genes is estimated at 30,000. True. This was far fewer than the earlier estimates of 80,000 to 1,40,000 genes.

(D) The functions are unknown for over 50% of discovered genes. True. The project found the genes, but for more than half of them the job is still not known.

(E) Less than 2% of the genome codes for proteins. True. Most of the genome does not code for proteins. A very large part is made of repeated sequences.

NCERT Extract:
Salient Features of Human Genome – “… Some of the salient observations drawn from human genome project are as follows:
(i) The human genome contains 3164.7 million bp.
(ii) The average gene consists of 3000 bases, but sizes vary greatly, with the largest known human gene being dystrophin at 2.4 million bases.
(iii) The total number of genes is estimated at 30,000– much lower than previous estimates of 80,000 to 1,40,000 genes. Almost all (99.9 per cent) nucleotide bases are exactly the same in all humans.
(iv) The functions are unknown for over 50 per cent of the discovered genes.
(v) Less than 2 per cent of the genome codes for proteins.”