The dough used for making bread is fermented using baker's yeast, which consists of which of the following microbes?

fungus

The correct answer is Option (1) → fungus

Baker's yeast, commonly used for fermenting bread dough (producing CO₂ to make it rise), is Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a single-celled fungus belonging to the kingdom Fungi (specifically, Ascomycota phylum).

• Bacteria: Not used in standard baker's yeast (though some sourdoughs involve lactic acid bacteria alongside yeast).
• Virus: Non-living, cannot ferment independently.
• Parasite: Does not apply; yeast is free-living in this context.